The RADAR study - High risk for diabetes in Amarante

Abstract

RADAR STUDY - HIGH RISK FOR DIABETES IN AMARANTE Objectives:To determine the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in the next ten years among patients attending a primary care clinic and to analyze the risk factors associated with developing this disease. Type of study: Cross-sectional Location:Amarante Primary Health Care Centre, Portugal. Population: Patients aged 18 to 79 years old, registered with the Amarante Primary Health Care Centre (N=28523). Methods: A random sample of 500 patients was selected for an interview. The instrument used to determine the risk for DM2 was the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) that considers eight risk factors for the disease to calculate the overall risk. The variables studied were gender and the 8 risk factors included in the FINDRISC questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Results: 203 patients agreed to participate. 12,8% of subjects had an increased risk for diabetes mellitus (FINDRISC score = 15). Regarding the risk factors for DM2 assessed in the questionnaire, 18% of subjects had obesity (IMC = 30), 25% did not eat fruits and vegetables daily, 29% were taking medication for high blood pressure, 42% had waist circumference measurement criteria for central obesity, 45% had at least one member of the immediate family or other relative that had already been diagnosed with DM2, and 45% did not exercise regularly. Discussion:This study suggests that one out of eight patients without DM2 who are treated in primary care have an increased risk of developing diabetes in the next 10 years (FINDRISC = 15). These results stress the importance of using a screening tool such as this scoring test. It is quick and easy to apply. It allows the family physician to perform early intervention by warning the patient of their risk and promoting healthy lifestyles.