Microvascular and macrovascular complications and pharmacotherapy of diabetes mellitus: a case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32385/rpmgf.v40i3.13539Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes complications, Pharmacotherapy, Micro and macrovascular complications, Healthy lifestyleAbstract
Introduction: The micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes are the result of a long process of the lack of diabetes care, which results in cardiovascular, ophthalmological, and neuropathic problems, and for these reasons requires high attention in treatment.
Case description: This article presents a case report of a middle-aged adult patient, ex-smoker, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, in addition to hypertension and obesity. Their unhealthy diet over the years, sedentary lifestyle, and high levels of stress resulted in peripheral vascular ischemia, which intensified the complications of diabetes, that is, micro and macrovascular problems, including retinopathy and neuropathy. Due to this history, the patient’s pharmacotherapy resulted in insulins (regular and NPH), antiplatelet agents, statins, fibrates, psychotropics, and antihypertensives. In addition, his blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin were found to be elevated. Furthermore, alterations were observed in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides. Some patient complaints at night, such as dry mouth, dizziness, and drowsiness, are problems that may be related to concomitant therapy with venlafaxine, gabapentin, and amitriptyline.
Comments: In general, this patient is recommended to practice physical exercises, such as walking, for example, reducing the consumption of carbohydrates and sodium, in addition to some changes in the patient’s pharmacotherapy.
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